jurist ~ juror:

Both these words are related to the law of the land; however, there is some clear distinction/difference in their usage.

Please, go to “jurist” and “juror” in People & Profession for more information!

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junction ~ juncture:

[different second sound]

“Junction” is ‘a place where people, roads, or railway lines meet or cross; joining’,

(a spaghetti junction, Atlanta city, USA)

e.g.

The traffic is usually heavy at the road junctions.

Our railway station is a busy junction; one can get trains to any part of the State.

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“Juncture” is ‘a point in time; a particular stage in a series of events; a crucial state of affairs’,

e.g.

It is very difficult at this juncture to predict the outcome of the general elections.

The President invited all the political parties to come forward with suggestions to overcome this present critical juncture.

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judicial ~ judicious:

“Judicial” means ‘(of a process, system, inquiry, proceedings, decision, etc.) related to or concerned with a court of law; impartial (not supporting any one particular person or party)’,

e.g.

The wife of the lock-up death victim appealed for a judicial inquiry into her husband’s death, i.e. she wanted a judge or any other official from a court of law to look into the matter, but not the regular police officers.

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“Judicious” means ‘the ability to reach a sensible decision; having or showing a sense of right judgement, irrespective of one’s knowledge of law, or education’,

e.g.

Though she is just an old maid , she is good at making judicious remarks.

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judicial ~ judicious:

“Judicial” means ‘(of a process, system, inquiry, proceedings, decision, etc.) related to or concerned with a court of law; impartial (not supporting any one particular person or party)’,

e.g.

The wife of the lock-up death victim appealed for a judicial inquiry into her husband’s death, i.e. she wanted a judge or some other official from a court of law to look into the matter, but not the regular police officials.

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“Judicious” means ‘the ability to reach a sensible decision; having or showing a sense of right judgement, irrespective of one’s knowledge of law, or education’,

e.g.

Though she is just an old maid, she is good at making judicious remarks.

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journey ~ travel ~ voyage:

These three words express basically the same idea: ‘to go or move from one place to another’.

However narrow it may seem, the distinction (difference in usage) is there and we need to have at least some general idea of what each of them stands for:

on a journey

“Journey” – noun & verb – is ‘a time spent going from one place to another, especially over a long distance; (very formal) a long and difficult process by which someone or something changes and/or develops’.

{Note: A “Journeyman” is not a person who journeys; he is a trained worker who works for others.}

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“Travel” – noun & verb – is ‘to go from one place to another’, or to go from one place to several places, especially to far away place; to go to a particular distance at a particular speed and direction; (something) to be passed from one person to another’,

travellers ready to travel far and wide

[A ‘traveller’ is a person who travels.]

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“Voyage” – noun & verb – is ‘a long journey in a ship or spacecraft (to go into space in a rocket); a situation in which one learns a lot about others or other things’,

on a sea voyage

[A ‘voyager’ is a person who goes on a voyage or who voyages.]

space voyage

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The next important point is the collocation, i.e. some words take only certain other words to give their meaning, for example, we say: ‘make a mistake’ but not “do a mistake”.  In the same way, these three words take certain other words to give a sensible meaning.  We say: ‘travel expenses’ but not “journey expenses”, and so on…

A comprehensive list is as follows:

Journey

Did you have a good journey?

‘… go on a long train journey’

‘the journey from Bangkok  to Hong Kong’

‘our great journey through life’

‘… journeying overland across the globe’

‘a three days’ journey on horseback’

He’s going on a long journey; he’s making a long journey.

Life is a journey from birth to death.

She’s journeyed all over the world.

‘a day’s journey’                     .

‘a journey through space’

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Travel

‘travel forty miles to work every day’

News travels fast these days.

Travel in the mountains can be slow and dangerous.

‘the cost of travel…’

‘travel books, travel guides…’

He’s travelled the whole world.

‘write an account of one’s travels’

We had been travelling over a week.

She travels to work by bike.

We travelled all over our country.

We travelled over by car.

I love travelling; I love to go travelling.

The old man’s mind travelled over the recent events.

My husband travels for an advertising company.

‘travel through space and time’

Light travels faster than sound.

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Voyage

‘on the outward/homeward voyage’

‘a space voyage’

Make a voyage across the Atlantic.

‘… on a voyage from Mombasa in Africa to Goa in India’

‘the voyage from England to Australia’

The Voyages of Sindbad is an interesting book.

The voyages of the early travellers make interesting reading.

When I give up work I am going on/shall make/shall take a long sea voyage.

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jangle ~ jingle ~ jungle:

[slightly different pronunciation]

“Jangle”, as a noun, is ‘an unpleasant metallic noise’; and, as a verb, it is ‘to make or give out harsh metallic noise; to argue or quarrel noisily’,

two people jangling

e.g.

Some inexperienced burglar set the burglar-alarm off and it kept jangling until father turned it off.

The two neighbours jangled for hours on who should lock the back yard gate at nights.

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“Jingle” is ‘a metallic ringing or clinking sound of coins, keys, small bells, etc.; a short simple rhyme or song used in the ads on the radio or TV’

jingle bells

{A ‘jingle stick’ is a small stick with some small metal rings or plates nailed loosely to it so that it “jingles” when moved.}

jingle sticks

e.g.

The jingle of her anklets made him turn and look at her.

The children watch so much television that they can sing all the advertising jingles.

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“Jungle” is ‘a large area of land covered with a thick growth (undergrowth) of small plants, bushes, creepers and trees; a disorderly, confusing mass of things’,

a part of a jungle

e.g.

The writer of this book lived in a jungle to experience directly the hardships of life there.

The jungles all over the world are being cut down so fast that the future generations may see them only in old pictures.

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juvenile:

(short form: ‘juvie‘)

some juveniles

a young boy or girl who is not a baby but not yet fully grown, aged between 12 and 18;

a juvenile (a popular film actor, the central character in “The Lord of Rings” movie)

an actor or actress who plays such a person (a juvenile character in a play or film)

{‘Juvenile’ is also used for a young animal or plant, and for a children’s book; and it is more commonly used in its adjective form, e.g. a ‘juvenile fashions’, ‘juvenile crimes’, ‘juvenile courts’ etc.}

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justice:

(a symbol, usually a statue, that represents justice & judicial system, seen at courts of law and law schools

a judge and a part of the title of a judge of a court of law, e.g. “Justice Adam White is the presiding judge in today’s court.” (Some people consider using ‘justice’ in place of ‘judge’ more respectable.);

Justice Sonia Sotomayor, the USA Supreme Court Justice

(short for) Justice of the Peace

{“Justice” is also used to refer to the principles of morals, good reason, and the quality of being right according to the law of the land and the morals of the society, e.g. “When her attacker was sentenced to two years in prison, she felt that justice had been done.” “You will not do justice to your talent if you do not take part in serious competitions.”}

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juror:

{a man on a jury is called ‘juryman‘ and a woman on a jury is called ‘jury woman‘}

a member of a group of people who serve on a  jury

jurors following court proceedings

(‘jury’ = a group of people, usually 3,5,7,9 or 11… who are chosen, usually chosen from respectable general public, to decide questions of fact after hearing the arguments of both sides of a case and considering the evidence in a court of law

jurors studying the case arguments to give a verdict (i.e. to say who is right and who is wrong)

{Note: the ‘judge’ conducts and controls the proceedings of a case and guides the jurors as to how and what facts or findings to be taken into consideration according to the law. A “grand jury” is a group of 12 or more jurors.}

[Return to "jurist ~ juror" in Words Often Confused.]

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jurist:

David Skaggs, jurist, (advisor on legal issues), USA

a person with thorough knowledge of law, such as a judge, lawyer, or law student; a writer on legal subjects;

Abigail Salisbury, jurist (a writer on legal issues) USA

e.g. “Martha is an eminent jurist; she wrote several books on company laws.” a public official who has the power to make judgements on certain cases in a court of law (a low rank judge)

[Return to "jurist ~ juror" in Words Often Confused.]

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